14/09/06 11:56:58.58 cFjxk/VQ0
Thyroid cancer in Belarus
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The Chernobyl accident in April and May of 1986 promoted thyroid carcinomas in 1500 patients who were
exposed to radiation at the age group under 18. The common type of malignancy was papillary cancer
(93.5%). For the period from 1990 to 2000, thyroid carcinomas were diagnosed in 674 children (age group
under 15), in 262 adolescents (age group between 15 and 19) and in 564 young adults (age group from 19
to 33). The highest number of thyroid malignancies in children and adolescents was diagnosed in Gomel
and Brest oblasts located closer to the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant. For 15 years (1986?2000),
spontaneous (non-radiogenic) thyroid carcinomas appeared only in 17 children. Thyroid cancer promoted
by radiation in children possesses the behavior to form the regional (73%) and distant (16.6%) metastases,
mainly in lung. As a result of performed risk analysis for the cohort exposed at the age group under 18, the
following values were obtained: 1.93 (1.79?2.06) per 104 PYGy for the absolute risk coefficient, and 37.66
(35.06?40.26) per Gy for the excess relative risk coefficient.