23/01/14 14:48:59.43 DuFRaAkz0.net
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These results strongly suggested that CD4+ T cell responses to the first dose is key to the improved consequences of vaccination, and that older individuals tend to have a defect in this process. Moreover, even in the case of SARS-CoV-2 infection, a delay in the development of TFH cells and subsequent neutralizing antibodies correlates with fatal COVID-19 disease48. Thus, the delayed induction of CD4+ T cell responses to either vaccination or even viral infection could be a predictive factor for compromised immune responses.