23/07/31 10:34:15.81 jznoxopE.net
We put
H
p,q
(2),φ
(M, E)(= H
p,q
(2),g,φ
(M, E)) =
Ker (
¯∂ : L
p,q
(2),φ
(M, E) → L
p,q+1
(2),φ
(M, E)
)
Im (
¯∂ : L
p,q－1
(2),φ
(M, E) → L
p,q
(2),φ
(M, E)
)
and
H p,q
φ
(M, E) = Ker ¯∂ ∩ Ker ¯∂
∗ ∩ L
p,q
(2),φ
(M, E).
1058:１３２人目の素数さん
23/07/31 10:34:53.86 jznoxopE.net
Let Λ = Λg denote the adjoint of the exterior multiplication by ω.
Then Nakano’s formula
(2.2) ¯∂
¯∂
∗ + ¯∂
∗ ¯∂ － ∂h∂
∗ － ∂
∗
∂h =
√
－1(ΘhΛ － ΛΘh)
holds if dω = 0. Here Θh also stands for the exterior multiplication by
Θh from the left hand side. Hence, for any open set Ω ⊂ M such that
dω|Ω = 0 and for any u ∈ C
n,q
0
(Ω, E), one has
(2.3) k
¯∂uk
2
φ + k
¯∂
∗uk
2
φ ≥ (
√
－1(Θh + IdE ⊗ ∂
¯∂φ)Λu, u)φ.
Here (u, w)φ
1059: stands for the inner product of u and v with respect to (g, he－φ ).
1060:１３２人目の素数さん
23/07/31 10:35:28.01 jznoxopE.net
Here (u, w)φ stands for the inner product of u and v with respect to
(g, he－φ
). The following direct consequence of (1.3) is important for
our purpose.
1061:１３２人目の素数さん
23/07/31 10:36:40.94 jznoxopE.net
Proposition 2.1. Let M, E, g, h and φ be as above. Assume that there
exists a compact set K ⊂ M such that dωg = 0 holds on M \ K. Then
there exist a compact set K′
containing K and a constant C such that
K′ and C do not depend on the choice of φ and
(
√
－1(Θh+IdE⊗∂
¯∂φ)Λu, u)φ ≤ C
(
k
¯∂uk
2
φ + k
¯∂
∗uk
2
φ +
∫
K′
e
－φ
|u|
2
g,hdVg
)
holds for any u ∈ C
n,q
0
(M, E) (q ≥ 0).
1062:１３２人目の素数さん
23/07/31 10:37:12.65 jznoxopE.net
From Proposition 1.1 one infers
1063:１３２人目の素数さん
23/07/31 10:37:44.26 jznoxopE.net
Proposition 2.2. Let (M, E, g, h, φ, K) and (K′
, C) be as above. Assume moreover that one can find a constant C0 > 0 such that C0(Θh +
IdE ⊗∂
¯∂φ)－IdE ⊗g ≥ 0 holds on M \K. Then there exists a constant
C
′ depending only on C, K′ and C0 such that
kuk
2
φ ≤ C
′
(
k
¯∂uk
2
φ + k
¯∂
∗uk
2
φ +
∫
K′
e
－φ
|u|
2
g,hdVg
)
holds for any u ∈ C
n,q
0
(M, E) (q ≥ 1).
1064:１３２人目の素数さん
23/07/31 10:38:25.31 jznoxopE.net
By a theorem of Gaffney, the estimate in Proposition 1.2 implies the
following.
Proposition 2.3. In the situation of Proposition 1.2,
kuk
2
φ ≤ C
′
(
k
¯∂uk
2
φ + k
¯∂
∗uk
2
φ +
∫
K′
e
－φ
|u|
2
g,hdVg
)
holds for all u ∈ L
n,q
(2),φ
(M, E) ∩ Dom¯∂ ∩ Dom¯∂
∗
(q ≥ 1).
1065:１３２人目の素数さん
23/07/31 10:38:55.22 jznoxopE.net
Recall that the following was proved in [H] by a basic argument of
functional analysis.
1066:１３２人目の素数さん
23/07/31 10:39:37.54 jznoxopE.net
Theorem 2.2. (Theorem 1.1.2 and Theorem 1.1.3 in [H]) Let H1 and
H2 be Hilbert spaces and let T : H1 → H2 be a densely defined closed
operator. Let H3 be another Hilbert space and let S : H2 → H3 be a
densely defined closed operator such that ST = 0. Then a necessary
and sufficient condition for the ranges RT , RS of T, S both to be closed
is that there exists a constant C such that
(2.4) kgkH2 ≤ C(kT
∗
gkH1 +kSgkH3
); g ∈ DT ∗ ∩DS, g⊥(NT ∗ ∩NS),
where DT ∗ and DS denote the domains of T
∗ and S, respectively, and
NT ∗ = KerT
∗ and NS = KerS. Moreover, if one can select a strongly
convergent subsequence from every sequence gk ∈ DT ∗ ∩DS with kgkkH2
bounded and T
∗
gk → 0 in H1, Sgk → 0 in H3, then NS/RT
∼= NT ∗ ∩NS
holds and NT ∗ ∩ NS is finite dimensional.
1067:１３２人目の素数さん
23/07/31 10:40:12.07 jznoxopE.net
Hence we obtain
1068:１３２人目の素数さん
23/07/31 10:40:52.24 jznoxopE.net
Theorem 2.3. In the situation of Proposition 1.2, dimH
n,q
(2),φ
(M, E) <
∞ and H n,q
φ
(M, E) ∼= H
n,q
(2),φ
(M, E) hold for all q ≥ 1.
1069:１３２人目の素数さん
23/07/31 10:41:28.54 jznoxopE.net
It is an easy exercise to deduce from Theorem 1.3 that every strongly
pseudoconvex manifold is holomorphically convex (cf. [G] or [H]). We
are going to extend this application to the domains with weaker pseudoconvexity.
1070:１３２人目の素数さん
23/07/31 10:41:57.49 jznoxopE.net
For any Hermitian metric g on M, a C
2
function ψ : M → R is called
g-psh (g-plurisubharmonic) if g + ∂
¯∂ψ ≥ 0 holds everywhere.
Then Theorem 1.3 can be restated as follows.
1071:１３２人目の素数さん
23/07/31 10:42:29.70 jznoxopE.net
Theorem 2.4. Let (M, g) be an n-dimensional complete Hermitian
manifold and let (E, h) be a Hermitian holomorphic vector bundle over
M. Assume that there exists a compact set K ⊂ M such that
Θh － IdE ⊗ g ≥ 0 and dωg = 0 hold on M \ K. Then, for any g-psh
function φ on M and for any ε ∈ (0, 1),
dim H
n,q
(2),εφ
(M, E) < ∞ and H n,q
εφ (M, E) ∼= H
n,q
(2),εφ
(M, E)
for q ≥ 1
1072:１３２人目の素数さん
23/07/31 10:43:00.40 jznoxopE.net
§2 Infinite dimensionality and bundle convexity theorems
By applying Theorem 1.4, we shall show at first the following.
Theorem 2.5. Let (M, E, g, h) be as in Theorem 1.4 and let xµ (µ =
1, 2, . . .) be a sequence of points in M without accumulation points.
Assume that there exists a (1 － ε)g-psh function φ on M \ {xµ}
∞
µ=1 for
some ε ∈ (0, 1) such that e
－φ
is not integrable on any neighborhood of
xµ for any µ. Then
dim H
n,0
(M, E) = ∞.
1073:１３２人目の素数さん
23/07/31 10:43:37.26 jznoxopE.net
Proof. We put M′ = M \{xµ}
∞
µ=1 and let ψ be a bounded C
∞ ε
2
g-psh
function on M′
such that g
′
:= g + ∂
¯∂ψ is a complete metric on M′
.
Take sµ ∈ C
n,0
(M, E) (µ ∈ N) in such a way that |sµ(xν)|g,h = δµν and
∫
M′ e
－φ
|
¯∂sµ|
2
g,hdVg < ∞. Since ∫
M′ e
－φ－ψ
|
¯∂sµ|
2
g
′
,hdVg
′ ≤
∫
M′ e
－φ－ψ
|
¯∂sµ|
2
g,hdVg
and dim H
n,1
(2),g′
,φ
(M′
, E) < ∞ by Theorem 1.4, one can find a nontrivial finite linear combination of ¯∂sµ, say v =
把µ
¯∂sµ, which is in the
range of L
n,0
(2),φ
(M′
, E)
∂¯
－→ L
n,1
(2),g′
,φ
(M′
, E).
1074:１３２人目の素数さん
23/07/31 10:44:29.89 jznoxopE.net
Then take u ∈ L
n,0
(2),φ
(M′
, E)
satisfying ¯∂u = v and put s =
把µsµ － u. Clearly s extends to a
nonzero element of Hn,0
(M, E) which is zero at xµ except for finitely
many µ. Hence, one can find mutually disjoint finite subsets Σν 6=
ϕ (ν = 1, 2, . . .) of N and nonzero holomorphic sections sν of E such
that sν(xµ) = 0 if µ /∈ Σν, so that dim Hn,0
(M, E) = ∞
1075:１３２人目の素数さん
23/07/31 10:45:25.12 jznoxopE.net
This observation will be basic for the proofs of Theorems 0.4 and
0.5.
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