09/04/25 16:15:15
経済の教科書なんですが日本語訳がいまいちわかりません＞＜
賢者の皆様翻訳お願いします
What Is Unemployment?
Most governments use the following definitions people with jobs are ‘employed’, people
without jobs but who are seeking work are ‘unemployed’, and people without jobs and
who are not looking for jobs are not considered to be in the labor force. The
‘employment rate’ is the number of employed people divided by the total number of
people in the labor force.
Unemployment is a very serious problem that affects people directly and severely.
Widespread unemployment wastes resources and decreases incomes, it also may
reduce the standard of living and cause psychological distress.
There are several types of unemployment. ‘Frictional unemployment’ occurs because of
the movement of people between regions, jobs, or different stages of life. ‘Structural
unemployment’ arises when there is a mismatch between the supply of and the
demand for workers. ‘Cyclical unemployment’ occurs when the overall demand for
labor is low (when it is high, unemployment decreases).
What should we do? Economists have studied unemployment to identify its causes and
to improve policies so as to decrease unemployment. Among the measures used to
decrease unemployment are improving labor market services, providing job training to
help people acquire skills and abilities and to find jobs, and creating jobs. Government
policies encourage removing obstacles to employment. However, laws mandating a
high minimum wage are widely thought to increase unemployment in some cases